Abstract:Water inrush in shafts is one of the key disasters to be prevented during shaft construction. To avert water inrush accidents, advance detection in shafts must be enhanced during the excavation of ultra-deep shafts. Taking the advance detection at the 1 464. 5 m depth of the Sanshandao ultra-deep shaft as an example, the Transient Electromagnetic ( TEM) method and the seismic reflection method were employed to detect the distribution of water-bearing fracture zones in the excavation face. Survey systems for both TEM and seismic reflection were set up according to the face conditions. Field data were acquired, processed, and visualized into result maps. Integrated with on-site geological and hydrogeological data, distinct low-resistivity anomalies and wave impedance interfaces were identified within the depth ranges of 1 492. 5 m to 1 507. 5 m and 1 517. 5 m to 1 529. 5 m. These anomalous zones were delineated and interpreted as water-bearing fracture zones. Field excavation results confirmed the accuracy of the detection, demonstrating that the combined TEM and seismic reflection method can effectively achieve advance detection in ultra-deep shafts.
