Abstract:This article takes the close range coal seam mining conditions of a coal mine in Inner Mongolia as the research background. This study was conducted on the stress and state characteristics of the rock mass of the main roadway coal pillar under the influence of stress transmission from the upper coal pillar, and the stress law of the coal pillar under different coal pillar widths was analyzed. The research results indicate that under the conditions of close range coal seam mining, the concentrated stress of the upper coal pillar will be transmitted to the lower coal pillar, causing stress superposition in the lower coal pillar. At the same time, it will significantly increase the range of the fracture zone and plastic zone in the coal body. As the width of the coal pillar decreases, the degree of stress concentration in the coal pillar also further increases. The constructed neural network model can effectively evaluate the stress and state of coal pillars in close range coal seam mining.