NOUFERROUS METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT

Abstract:Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) holds significant application potential for clean and efficient power generation. However, SOFC has not yet achieved large-scale widespread application primarily due to the key materials, which has a significant impact on the overall lifespan of the battery. The preparation technologies of these materials can significantly affect their performance. Therefore, the key material preparation technology of SOFC is of great significance for the development and popularization of fuel cells. This article will provide an overview of key material preparation technologies for fuel cells from a new perspective, focusing on the core process steps of six different preparation technologies and one or more types of substances, which can play an important role in these core steps. Secondly, the difficulty of reaction occurrence and the controllability of reaction process among the six preparation methods are compared and analyzed. Finally, further development and research directions are pointed out for the six preparation techniques listed in this article.

Abstract:Direct discharge of untreated wastewater containing uranium not only leads to environmental pollution but also affects human health. Adsorption, membrane separation, and chemical precipitation methods are difficult to efficiently and environmentally remove uranium. Against the backdrop of the increasing demand for uranium, seeking green and efficient treatment methods has become an urgent problem to be solved. Photocatalysis technology has advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and ease of operation, and has broad prospects in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater. This paper first introduces the principle of photocatalytic technology, then deeply analyzes the main influencing factors and current research status of photocatalytic materials in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater, and finally summarizes and prospects, providing a theoretical basis for the development of photocatalytic technology in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater.

Abstract:In order to investigate the impact of the air for sulfation on the operational status of the copper flash smelting waste heat boilers, this paper takes an industrial copper flash smelting waste heat boiler as the research subject and employs Fluent software for simulation calculations. The flow field, temperature field, and flue dust particle trajectories inside the boiler under conditions with and without the air for sulfation are compared. The results indicate that after introducing the air for sulfation, significant changes occurred in the velocity distribution, temperature distribution, and heat exchange effect in the boiler. When the air for sulfation is introduced, the gas flow in the radiant chamber is less likely to cause direct ceiling impact, and the average temperature of the gas flow in the radiant chamber is slightly lower than that under conditions without the air for sulfation. However, in the convection chamber, the average temperature of the gas flow is slightly higher under conditions with the air for sulfation compared to that without air for sulfation. The simulation results not only deepen the understanding of field process personnel regarding the influence mechanisms of the air for sulfation, but also provide theoretical support for optimizing operational adjustments, thereby enhancing the overall performance and stability of the waste heat boiler.

Abstract:Solid particle deposition in ship piping significantly affects the lifespan of the pipes and the normal operation of the vessel. This paper utilizes Ansys-Fluent fluid dynamics software to simulate and analyze the deposition patterns of solid particles inside a 90° elbow, investigating the effects of different bending ratios, flow velocities, temperatures, and various particle diameters on the deposition rate of solid particles. The results indicate that with the increase of elbow ratio, temperature, and particle diameter, the deposition rate of solid particles gradually increases; conversely, with the rise in inlet flow velocity, the deposition rate of solid particles gradually decreases, which exacerbates the impact of elbow ratio on the deposition rate. The deposition rate is most significantly influenced by flow velocity, followed by particle diameter, while temperature has a relatively minor effect. This study can be applied to reduce the incidence of pipeline blockage and provide a theoretical basis for the design of oil flow elbows.

Abstract:The fragmentation and weakness of surrounding rock under complex stress conditions in underground metal mines pose significant challenges to tunnel support design. This study focuses on a copper-gold mine in Serbia, employing the FLAC3D finite difference software to conduct numerical simulations on three types of tunnels and two levels of fractured rock masses. The research evaluates the rationality of the existing support design and proposes optimized support parameters tailored to varying surrounding rock conditions. The results indicate that the instability of the -200m level tunnels is primarily caused by the combined effects of high geostress, deformation of the exposed rock surfaces, and rock corrosion. Typical failure modes include roof settlement within the permissible range for IV and V grade surrounding rock tunnels, whereas the cumulative relative displacement of the two sides generally exceeds the allowable limit, highlighting deficiencies in the current support design for controlling sidewall deformation. The optimized support parameters for the IV and V grade surrounding rock tunnels at the -200m level include an anchor bolt spacing of 0.8m×1.0m, an anchor cable spacing of 2.0m×3.0m, and a shotcrete thickness of 125mm, meeting safety requirements. These findings provide theoretical support for optimizing support systems for fractured rock masses in underground metal mines.

Abstract:With the completion and commissioning of Shengtun Mining’s One-Step Nickel Smelting System (NDS) in Fuquan, Guizhou Province, China, the efficient slag dephosphorization has become a key focus of attention. In the field of nickel pyrometallurgy, effectively addressing slag beneficiation to ensure metal recovery rates is one of the core indicators of the advancement of nickel smelting technology. During the initial phase of Shengtun Mining’s project in Guizhou, when the side-blown one-step nickel smelting process was determined, efforts were dedicated to the research and development of slag beneficiation devices and process control technologies that matched the current smelting conditions. After the project’s commissioning, despite significant deviations in the smelting raw materials from the design expectations, such as nickel sulfide concentrate, nickel-containing miscellaneous materials, and low-sulfur nickel alloys with sulfur content below 10%, the production of medium-high nickel matte with a total nickel and copper content greater than 50%~60% was still achieved. The smelting slag, after treatment by the new slag beneficiation device, maintained a nickel content below 0.2%, realizing a significant slag beneficiation effect. This breakthrough in slag beneficiation devices will bring major breakthroughs and opportunities to the global nickel pyrometallurgy industry in terms of shortening the process flow, enhancing the adaptability of system raw materials, and improving metal recovery rates.

Abstract:In order to ensure the continuity of production and the safety of equipment after the implementation of unmanned mining railway transportation technology, as well as to effectively manage the risks associated with unmanned transportation, this paper constructs a Unmanned Mining Railway Transportation Safety Assurance System (SASUM). The system addresses four key elements: the locomotive end, the central control and scheduling end, the track environment end, and the management system end. It includes system performance evaluation, principle formulation, and technical route research, while also integrating the application of novel cyber-physical systems. By comprehensively identifying, analyzing, and managing risks from equipment, environment, and operational management perspectives, a dynamic and efficient safety assurance mechanism is established. This paper provides strong support for the realization of efficient and safe railway transportation in mining environments and the unmanned transformation of mining production.

Abstract:This study addresses the structural design and optimization of rail lifting units installed in the corridor of an electrolytic aluminum workshop. The design considerations include the necessity for a multi-functional crane to pass during non-centralized overhauls and the requirement to lift the units during centralized overhauls. Given the characteristics of unequal wheel spacing and asymmetric load distribution at each end beam of the crane, the maximum value principle of functional analysis is applied to determine the position of maximum bending moment and the corresponding calculation formula, providing a theoretical basis for identifying the most critical section in the design. Furthermore, by combining flexural beam stress analysis with the solution of the minimum value of a second-order nonlinear differential equation, the optimal installation positions for the two dynamic pulleys are derived. Specifically, when l/L=0.551, the deformation of beams made from the same material and with the same moment of inertia is minimized under self-weight load, effectively reducing bending fatigue damage. The calculation formulas and design methods proposed in this study offer valuable references for the design and calculation of similar structures.

Abstract:Addressing the prominent issues of low automation level, high labor intensity, and insufficient safety in the finished material transportation process of metal smelting enterprises, this paper designs and implements an innovative automated logistics system. The system integrates components such as a circular rail, Rail Guided Vehicle (RGV), chain conveyor, advanced scheduling system, and PLC control system, achieving efficient and automated transportation of finished metal materials. Practical application results demonstrate that the system significantly enhances transportation efficiency, effectively reduces labor costs, and markedly decreases production safety risks. Currently, this automated logistics system has been applied in the finished material production workshop of a certain company, providing practical experience and reference value for the automation upgrade and transformation of the metal smelting industry.

Abstract:In the polysilicon production process, the pressurization of key process gases such as hydrogen and chlorosilanes primarily relies on piston compressors. This paper systematically elaborates on the structural characteristics of piston compressors and conducts a statistical and analytical examination of the causes of three common types of failures observed in the piston compressors used by a certain polysilicon production enterprise. Four optimization measures are proposed, including reducing the dust content in the compressed medium, enhancing the efficiency of packing seals, strengthening operational management capabilities, and optimizing the rational selection of equipment. The implementation results demonstrate that these measures have effectively reduced the failure rate of plunger compressors by 83.33%, significantly enhancing the safety and stability of the polysilicon production system, thereby bringing substantial safety and economic benefits to the production enterprise.

Abstract:In response to the frequent occurrence of gear shaft breakage in the nine-roll straightener of the double-sided milling machine set, this paper systematically analyzes the working mechanism of the straightener and conducts an in-depth and comprehensive investigation into the bending deformation of the straightening rolls. On this basis, the paper rigorously selects and calculates the main parameters of the straightener, and performs a strict check analysis on the bending deformation of the working rolls. Through comprehensive research, this paper reveals the root causes of gear shaft breakage and proposes key points that should be focused on during production and use. The aim of this study is to provide operational guidance for production personnel to ensure the stable operation and efficient performance of production equipment.

Abstract:Addressing the issue of rock drilling jumbos being limited to drilling parallel to the tunnel face and unable to drill vertically for support holes and long anchor deep holes during underground tunneling, this paper presents a modification to the drilling jumbo’s propulsion beam to enable rod connection functionality for long anchor deep hole drilling. The modified Axera6-240 drilling jumbo features a propulsion beam with a total length not exceeding 4.3 and a drilling depth of 2.4m, capable of completing primary and secondary support drilling operations. Additionally, both the Axera6-240 and Atlas H282 drilling jumbos have been equipped with rod clamping devices on their propulsion beams, further enabling long anchor deep hole drilling, expanding the operational range of the drilling jumbos, and enhancing equipment utilization. This modification fulfills the requirement for long anchor support drilling at various depths using a short rod connection method, providing a technical guarantee for the long anchor support process.

Abstract:This study proposes a novel graded dehydration filling process for total tailings. The process involves the classification of total tailings into coarse and fine fractions, with the coarse fraction undergoing natural gravity sedimentation for dehydration and the fine fraction undergoing flocculated gravity sedimentation. To implement this process, specialized graded dehydration equipment has been developed. Compared to traditional total tailings dehydration methods, this graded dehydration process significantly enhances concentration efficiency, reduces energy consumption and dehydration costs, and minimizes environmental pollution. The process exhibits broad applicability, particularly for total tailings filling projects in non-coal metal mines, offering a new technical pathway for the sustainable development of mine filling technology.