NOUFERROUS METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT

As one of the main equipment in intelligent manufacturing, welding robots have been widely used in many industries such as shipbuilding, automotive, and railways due to their high welding quality and low manufacturing costs. However, technical bottlenecks still exist in terms of efficiency optimization and energy consumption control in their motion planning. The paper systematically analyzes the key technologies of welding robots and adopts a multi-dimensional analytical framework to compare domestic and international research achievements across four dimensions: time optimization, energy consumption control, obstacle avoidance mechanisms, and multi-objective collaboration. A systematic classification model is constructed with the hope of providing valuable references for the future development of welding robots, promoting continuous progress and sustainable development in welding technology to meet increasingly complex and diversified industrial needs, and advancing the manufacturing industry toward higher levels of automation and intelligence.