NOUFERROUS METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT

In this paper, using spent 18650 ternary lithium-ion batteries as raw materials, the changes of valuable metal content and phase composition during comminution and pyrolysis were investigated by carrying out multi-stage crushing process and pyrolysis process, and the concentrations of HF gas and VOCs gas generated in the pretreatment process were measured. The results show plastic film, copper and aluminum powder, metal shell and black powder can be effectively separated from waste batteries by multi-stage crushing process. The black powder has an unsatisfactory effect on the removal of fluorine and phosphorus in the materials after pyrolysis process. With the increase of pyrolysis reaction temperature, the characteristic peaks of metal nickel and metal cobalt appear in the pyrolysis products. After treatment by ‘activated carbon + alkali absorption’ device, the maximum removal rate of HF and VOCs gas from pyrolysis tail gas was 85.94% and 84.08%, respectively. The pyrolysis products obtained by pyrolysis pretreatment can be directly fed into the wet process to further recover lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and other valuable metal elements. The experimental phenomena and conclusions of this study can provide some reference and guidance for the design of industrial production.