NOUFERROUS METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT

With its ultra-high energy density (2600Wh·kg-1), lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered one of the potential candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the practical application of LSBs is currently limited by issues such as the lithium polysulphide (LiPSs) shuttle effect, continuous electrolyte decomposition, and lithium dendrite growth. These challenges are mainly related to the cathode structural framework, the reactivity of the lithium anode, and the redox reactions that occur at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Well-designed positive structure, development of new electrolytes, and anode protection have been successively investigated to improve the electrochemical performance of LSBs. In this paper, relevant research to overcome the challenges of LSBs, such as the design and preparation of cathode sulfur carriers, the development of new electrolytes, the modification of separators/intercalation of functional layers, the protection of lithium anodes and the latest research progress in the industrialization of LSBs, will be systematically discussed. Finally, a summary and perspectives are provided for the practical application of LSBs.