- Volume 38,Issue 3,2022 Table of Contents
>资源回收
-
Chen YanJun , Ren ZengMao , Hu YongQuan , Luo TianXiang , Chen DeQi
2022, 38(3):1-6. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.001
Abstract:In view of the current ecological environment damage caused by the accumulation of metal tailings in the Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province，through on-the-spot investigation，the representative samples of gold tailings，copper tailings and iron tailings in Jiuquan area were selected as the research objects，and its density，particle size distribution，chemical composition, mineral composition，heavy metal leaching toxicity and radioactivity were tested and analyzed. The feasibility of preparing building materials with the above tailings and the application direction in building materials were discussed. The results showed that the three kinds of tailings all showed obvious resource attributes and economic attributes, which provided reference for the resource utilization of metal tailings inthe region.
-
2022, 38(3):7-10. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.002
Abstract:Test study was conducted on the use of iron powder to precipitate copper and bismuth from the hydrochloric acid leachate of copper anode slime based on the principle that relatively electronegative metal replaces positive metal ion in a solution, and effects of reduction temperatures, iron powder dosage, pH values and reaction time on the precipitation of copper and bismuth were observed. Results indicate that precipitation of copper and bismuth from the solution is most efficient with 1.5 times the theoretical dosage of iron powder for 1h agitation reaction at pH=0.5 and 50℃ reaction temperature. The precipitation rates are 90.06% and 95.21% respectively for copper and bismuth. The two account for 95.66% in the precipitate. The study brings more economic benefits for the enterprise by improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources and also providing quality raw materials for the downstream production of copper-bismuth alloy.
-
LIU Jing-shi , LIU Shi-xiang , DONG Guang-gang , WEI Dong , LIU Gui-xin
2022, 38(3):11-15. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.003
Abstract:The roles of bulk auxiliary materials in the production process, including quartz sand, quick-lime powder, hydrogen peroxide, barium sulfate, industrial sodium sulfate, limestone, etc., were elaborated in this article, and effects of quality and dosage variations of auxiliary materials on production were analyzed. Auxiliary materials are applied in the smelting industry for stabilizing furnace conditions, slagging and impurities removal, improving product quality, recovering valuable metals, increasing recovery rate, protecting the environment and other purposes. There are many kinds of such auxiliary materials in great demand, so a sound quality control system for auxiliary materials should be built in production.
>节能减排
-
Sun HaiMing , Sun FuHai , Sun LiMin
2022, 38(3):16-19. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.004
Abstract:The causes of sulfidization slag were described; the properties and treatment status quo of sulfidization slag were analyzed; moreover, an all-round comparison was made among hot air drying, microwave drying and steam drying in terms of their principles, merits and demerits, and economic indicators. It's concluded that drying sulfidization slag with steam is the most suitable way. Steam drying has the advantages of high automation, good operation environment, low production cost and easy temperature control, but it needs stable steam source.
-
LIU Chi , GUO Bin , WANG Yu , DAI Lian-song , LIU Wei-ping , TAN Zhan-ping
2022, 38(3):20-24. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.005
Abstract:In the conventional aluminum electrolytic cell, the production of 3N refined aluminum by molten salt electrolysis was carried out by using high-quality raw material and auxiliary materials, optimizing technological conditions and fine operation management, and the problems existing in the experiment were discussed. and problems in the test were discussed. The results show that the content of impurity elements in the aluminum solution decreases in varied degrees, and the quality of the aluminum solution reaches the standard of 3N aluminum, which indicates that it is feasible to produce 3N refined aluminum by Molten Salt electrolysis. The cost of 3N Aluminum production by molten salt electrolysis is reduced substantially compared with conventional method.
-
WANG Lei , ZHANG Hui-nan , LI Cheng-lin
2022, 38(3):25-28. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.006
Abstract:With the development of enterprise and the increase in market demand, the complex gold-copper concentrate processing capacity of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting system of a certain company gradually failed to meet the market demand, influencing the economic benefits of the system. Therefore, expansion and technical innovation of the system are needed. In this paper, the expansion and innovation of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing smelting system for processing complex gold-copper concentrate were introduced from the aspects of bottom-blowing smelting system, sulfuric acid system, electrolysis system, off-gas treatment, etc. After innovation, the throughput of the bottom-blowing smelting system was improved from 40t/h to 100t/h; the sulfuric acid production capacity was increased from 250000t/a to 450000t/a; the cathode copper production capacity was raised from 50000t/a to 200000t/a; meanwhile, the staff's working environment was improved, and the economic benefits of the system were enhanced greatly.
-
ZHENG Duo , HAN Shun-zhong , YAN Jing
2022, 38(3):29-32. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.007
Abstract:As the gross anode consumption per ton of aluminum is a crucial indicator for aluminum electrolysis and production, reducing this indicator is an effective means to lower production costs and increase economic benefits. Based on the practical production, the height of anode scrap in corners and the middle area of 330kA electrolytic cells was analyzed to explore the viability of reducing the gross anode consumption per ton of aluminum by adjusting the anode height in corners and lowering the anode scrap height in corners. It can be seen from test results that when the anode height in corners drops from 610mm to 600mm, the gross anode consumption per ton of aluminum is decreased by 1.6kg, saving the cost per ton of aluminum and increasing corporate economic benefits.
-
MA Fei-fei , LI De-lei , WANG You-jian
2022, 38(3):33-36. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.008
Abstract:The problem of incomplete oxidation exists in the zinc hydrometallurgical process of zinc oxide desulfurization-air oxidation in an enterprise. The incompletely oxidized ZnSO3 react with Fe3+ in the leaching and jarosite precipitation section and reduced it to Fe2+. The high Fe2+ content in that section increased the consumption of manganese ore powder. This article analyzed effects of acid making equipment, roasting feed quantity, oxidation temperature, level in desulfurization tower and other factors on the air oxidation of desulfurization solution and raised a series of measures. And experimental study was conducted to find the optimum air oxidation conditions. Experiment results show that the optimum air oxidation conditions are as follows: 40~45℃ oxidation temperature, 3h reaction time and 0.15MPa air pressure. By the optimization measures, the oxidization efficiency of the desulfurization solution is substantially improved, the consumption of manganese ore powder is reducing, and the electric efficiency is improving.
>绿色环保
-
GUO Ting-ting , YIN Yun-jun , YU Miao
2022, 38(3):37-42. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.009
Abstract:Bi2O3-TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-hydrothermal-calcination method. The structure and morphology of the material were characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, specific surface area and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance analysis. Taking methyl orange solution as the target pollutant, the photocatalytic oxidation effect of Bi2O3-TiO2 was investigated, and the effects of bismuth doping amount and calcination temperature on the degradation rate of methyl orange dye were studied. The results show that the average crystal size of Bi2O3-TiO2 is smaller than that of TiO2; particle distribution is uniform, only a small amount of loose agglomeration phenomenon; Bi2O3-TiO2 has mesoporous structure, which is conducive to the absorption of pollutants. At the preparation temperature of 600℃, the Bi2O3-TiO2 nanocomposites with 10% Bi doping have the best degradation effect for methyl orange removal. When the doping amount of Bi is 10%, the photocatalytic degradation effect of Bi2O3-TiO2 increases with the increase of calcination temperature.
-
2022, 38(3):43-47. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.010
Abstract:The development status quo and competition pattern of China’s waste-to-energy industry in the context of 14th Five-Year Plan were introduced; the policy orientation, market scale, pollutant emission standards and revenue models of the industry were analyzed, based on which, the technological difficulties in waste incineration, such as leachate and flying ash treatment, were discussed; the development trend of the industry was expected.
-
ZHENG Peng , CHEN Hao , BAO Hua-kun , CHEN Song-xuan
2022, 38(3):48-52. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.011
Abstract:The BIM platform of multi-source solid waste collaborative incineration integrates collaborative management of all construction participants of the project, which can improve the project management level and achieve high-standard BIM/CIM data delivery. This paper introduced the main basis, principles and objectives of BIM platform, details the building of this platform, including the building of cloud desktop and data sharing platform as well as the composition of BIM software and hardware platform, elaborated on the BIM working procedure, the BIM model design and creation from the aspects of division of environmental health information model, level of details of model’s geometry expression and information of model unit.
-
2022, 38(3):53-56. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.012
Abstract:Taking 35kV small thermal power plant as an example, according to the actual requirements of the local power grid, the technical indicators configuration scheme of the electrical comprehensive protection automation system was flexibly designed, and some design details of the comprehensive protection system of thermal power plants were summarized.
-
DENG Jiang-lan , YE Ming-qiang , ZHU Ze-min , LI Zhi-nan
2022, 38(3):57-60. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.013
Abstract:On the serious soil contamination by chromium (VI) in some chromium-contaminated site, the leaching performance of different leaching solutions, such as ferrous sulfate, citric acid, leaching solution A and water, was tested in laboratory and the leaching solution A developed by some company was selected for remediation. Effects of concentration, leaching duration, etc. on the leaching efficiency were discussed and the product was applied in production practice based on test results. Practice reveals that pollution factors such as chromium, arsenic, zinc, mercury and nickel in the chromium-contaminated site soil are reduced within standard control limits after remediation. The leaching efficiency of pollution factors are all higher that 60%, indicating effective remediation.
-
LU Chun-yan , LIAO Heng-feng , ZHOU Zheng-wei , ZHONG Yang-yu , HU Wei-wen
2022, 38(3):61-68. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.014
Abstract:Taking a retired lead smelter as the research object, through investigating the historical changes of plots, process flow, pollution production links and site reconnaissance, appropriate sampling points were selected to conduct pollution investigation on soil, groundwater, waste residue and surface attachments of structures.Revealed by pollution survey results, the soil pollution exceedance factors are arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury and antimony, while groundwater pollution exceedance factors include arsenic, cadmium, nickel, antimony, lead, zinc, thallium, cobalt, beryllium and other heavy metals and fluoride. This is related to pollutant discharge, leak and spill, fugitive matters as well as unplanned landfill of slags and other activities in historical production process. The risk assessment results show that arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead are higher than the risk control limit of the site soil, exceeding the acceptable level and posing health risks. The recommended remediation targets for arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury and antimony are 60mg/kg, 79.6mg/kg, 1327mg/kg, 38mg/kg and 180mg/kg respectively.
-
2022, 38(3):69-73. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.015
Abstract:This work explored the feasibility of dewatered swine manure-derived biochar (DSMB) as an additive to facilitate anaerobic digestion (AD) of swine wastewater for energy recovery and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) attenuation enhancements. With 20g/L DSMB assistance, the methanogenic lag time of swine wastewater was shortened by 2~3 days, and the maximum methane production was increased by 18.29%~23.58%.The addition of DSMB could significantly accelerate the degradation rate of soluble COD and VFA,and the performance of DSMB prepared at 300℃ is better than that prepared at 500℃ and 700℃. The results of microbial community analysis show that the relative abundance of Thermotogae in DSMB prepared at 300℃ is more then three times that in the control group, which accelerates the accurrence of hydrolysis and acidification stages. The INT-ETS activity and EEC analysis show that DSMB prepared at 300℃ acts as redox active medium to accelerate methane production through potential direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway.
>矿山生态保护修复
-
ZHANG Qi-jun , WANG Xu , REN Feng
2022, 38(3):74-77. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.016
Abstract:After years of mining ion-adsorbed rare earth deposits in Southern China by in-situ leaching process with ammonium sulfate as the leachant, the ammonia nitrogen pollution is looming large. Therefore, the new green ammonia-free mining process adopts the leachant of magnesium sulfate instead of ammonium sulfate to treat ion-adsorbed rare earth. To study the impact of this new mining process on environment, the complete coverage type rare earth ore blocks and barefoot type ore blocks were sampled respectively, and the test group and the control group were set up to determine the chlorophyll content and coverage of dicranopteris pedata, a typical plant, and the number of soil microbes. The study shows that there is no vast difference in vegetation growth, chlorophyll content and soil microbes between mines affected by leachant injection and surrounding unimpacted control points, indicating that the impact of green ammonia-free mining process on vegetation and soil microbes of a wide variety of ion-adsorbed rare earth mines is acceptable and this new mining process is proven practicable to protect the environment of various ion-adsorbed rare earth mines.
-
2022, 38(3):78-81. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.017
Abstract:Large-scale mining has resulted in a mass of high steep exposed slopes, which stand out incongruously against surrounding beautiful eco-environment, making ecological restoration of these slopes particularly important. In this paper, the principles of slope ecological restoration and vegetation selection were elaborated on; discussion and comparison were made on the applicable conditions, advantages and disadvantages of various slope ecological restoration technologies, which provided reference for slope ecological restoration and management. One or more technical combinations should be selected. according to the characteristics of slope during engineering implementation.
-
ZHANG Qi-jun , WANG Xu , REN Feng
2022, 38(3):82-85. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.018
Abstract:As a green mining technology, the ammonium-free mining process for ion-absorbed rare earth ore adopts magnesium sulfate as leachant instead of ammonium sulfate and magnesium oxide as precipitant, essentially avoiding the impact of ammonia nitrogen on the environment. To find out the influence of the new green and ammonium-free technology on the environment, pot-grown plant tests and acute and chronic toxicity tests on zebrafish were carried out to study the concentration of magnesium sulfate on plants and fish. The experimental results show that the concentration of magnesium sulfate has an acceptable influence on the growing environment of vegetation and aquatic life, verifying the environmental feasibility of the ammonium-free mining technology.
-
WU Hua , ZHU Zhu , XU Dong-dong
2022, 38(3):86-89. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.019
Abstract:Due to the frequent access of electric wheels, the dust in a copper mine industrial site is diffuse and the environment is dirty, which has caused great pollution to the ecological environment of the whole mining area. It is urgent to carry out ecological management and restoration. Based on the site conditions and geological characteristics, the ecological treatment and restoration of industrial sites are carried out by site consolidation engineering, drainage engineering, soil improvement engineering and ecological restoration engineering. The remediation effect is remarkable, which has certain reference significance for similar industrial site ecological remediation projects.
>经验交流
-
2022, 38(3):90-94. DOI: 10.19610/j.cnki.cn11-4011/tf.2022.03.020
Abstract:An environmental protection enterprise was selected as a sample to comprehensively analyze the financial return from acquisition of a 10 billion CNY water treatment company; the changes in operating indicators and industrial influence brought by acquiring water assets were introduced; a comparison of input-output financial data was made between a water treatment project and a PPP construction project. Compared with investing in a PPP project, acquisition of a water treatment company can produce higher gross profit, higher profit margin and higher profit over the same period, but slightly lower sales revenue and longer payback period.
